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International Introductions of
Pempheris mangula Introductions as compiled by FAO |
| Main Ref.: | Golani, D., L. Orsi Relini, E. Massutà and J.-P. Quignard 2002 | ||||
| To | Gulf of Gabes, Tunisia | ||||
| FAO area | Mediterranean and Black Sea | ||||
| From: | Red Sea | ||||
| FAO area | Indian Ocean, Western | ||||
| Year | |||||
| Range | - | ||||
| Period | 1975-1999 | ||||
| Established in the wild | established, natural reproduction | ||||
| Established in aquaculture | - | ||||
| Significant ecological interactions | - | ||||
| Significant socio-economic effects | - | ||||
| Introduced by: | |||||
| Reason | Lessepsian migration | ||||
| Other reason | |||||
| Comments | Recorded from the Gulf of Gabes (Ref. 43448). P. mangula is the only Pempheris which has migrated to the Mediterranean from the Red Sea. Previous reports of P. vanicolensis in the Mediterranean were misidentifications (Ref. 95675). Ref: | ||||
| Update record Fish Introductions Table | |||||